Emerging Leadership Styles in PreK–12 Education

 

The emphasis on adaptation, digital integration, inclusion, and long-term sustainability in education requires leaders to adopt a variety of leadership styles.

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Mary Ellen Normen

 Published July 2025

Educational leadership is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by rapid technological advancements, shifting societal expectations, and the imperative for greater equity and sustainability.

The emphasis on adaptation, digital integration, inclusion, and long-term sustainability requires education leaders to embrace these changes by not only adopting multiple new leadership styles and being proficient in various leadership philosophies.

Adaptive Leadership 

Adaptive leadership style is becoming increasingly vital as educational institutions face complex and unforeseen challenges. Adaptive leadership, based on the work of Ronald Heifetz, Marty Linsky, and Alexander Grashow, authors of The Practice of Adaptive Leadership: Tools and Tactics for Changing Your Organization and the World, emphasizes enlisting individuals to address complex, systemic issues that cannot be resolved with current knowledge or conventional practices.  

This methodology distinguishes between technical difficulties, which have established solutions, and adaptive challenges, which necessitate novel learning, creativity, and adjustments in attitudes or behaviors. Adaptive leaders cultivate a culture of experimentation and learning, promote risk-taking, and endorse professional growth that enhances innovation. They enable staff and students to work together to address challenges, cultivating resilience in the face of continuous change.

Adaptive leaders cultivate a culture of experimentation and learning, promote risk-taking, and endorse professional growth that enhances innovation.

Digital Leadership 

Digital leadership is a fundamental component of contemporary education. Digital leaders advocate for the integration of technology to enhance education, streamline operations, and foster collaboration among stakeholders. Their goal is to guarantee equitable access to digital resources, tackle cybersecurity and data privacy issues, and allocate funds for professional development.  

Effective digital leadership goes beyond adopting tools; it involves cultivating an innovative culture, promoting digital teacher leadership, and assuring technological alignment with curriculum and instruction learning outcomes and standards. This style became particularly vital during the COVID-19 epidemic, when leaders managed the transition to online and hybrid learning environments. 

Inclusive Leadership 

In light of the growing diversity in schools, inclusive leadership is essential for promoting equity and fostering a sense of community among all employees and students. Inclusive leaders actively promote equity and inclusion in all aspects of school life, going beyond merely recognizing diversity. Their work entails deconstructing systemic obstacles, guaranteeing equitable resource allocation, and fostering cultures in which every individual feels esteemed and supported.  

Strategies encompass open discourse, cultural competence training, and the inclusion of multiple perspectives in decision-making processes. Inclusive leadership enhances school communities and fosters innovation by utilizing the distinct strengths and viewpoints of all members. 

Sustainable Leadership 

The goal of sustainable leadership is to implement changes that endure beyond the lifetimes of individual leaders. This framework prioritizes strategic foresight, effective use of resources, and social accountability.  

Sustainable leaders involve various stakeholders, incorporate environmental stewardship into school operations, and ensure that policies are beneficial for both their institutions and the broader educational ecosystem. Sustainable leaders enhance the resilience and capacity of their organizations by allocating leadership responsibilities and planning for succession. 

Servant Leadership 

Servant leadership is highly effective in education because it emphasizes serving others and developing resilient communities. Servant leaders prioritize the well-being and growth of employees and students, fostering trust, teamwork, and a shared sense of purpose.  

Studies indicate that servant leadership enhances morale, job satisfaction, and employee engagement, while also strengthening communication and fostering a positive organizational culture. This approach empowers individuals and encourages a constructive, cooperative atmosphere that ultimately enhances student learning. 

What the Future Holds 

Trends such as hybrid learning models, the incorporation of AI, and an emphasis on wellbeing and mental wellness will shape educational leadership in the future. Leaders must also confront issues such as elevated turnover rates and succession planning at all levels of the school district.  

The most effective leaders will be those who embrace adaptation, advocate for digital and inclusive practices, and commit themselves to sustainability and service. As school business administrators and education leaders develop these skill sets into their leadership styles, they may be on the precipice of creating resilient, innovative, and inclusive schools equipped to address future educational demands.

  

   

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